The idea of holistic ‘whole ecosystem’ properties and measures has a long history in ecology 1. However, research into the ability of ecosystems to simultaneously provide multiple ecosystem functions ...

Global and local ecosystem change resulting in diversity loss has motivated efforts to understand relationships between species diversity and ecosystem services. However, it is unclear how such a ...

From a biological perspective, it is important for scientists and the general public to understand that organisms do interact with their environment; in this sense, it often incorporates the terms ...

Digitally enabled ecosystems are a vital part of the modern business landscape. They open the door to new customers and markets, and broaden and enhance a firm’s value proposition through the seamless ...

Visit NAP.edu/10766 to get more information about this book, to buy it in print, or to download it as a free PDF. Ecosystems are composed of the plants, animals, people, and other living things that ...

A food web is a detailed interconnecting diagram that shows the overall food relationships between organisms in a particular environment. The simplest explanation is that food webs are "who eats whom" ...

We live in an increasingly distributed business world in which organizations rely on timing and components in different parts of the world and in different time zones. To deliver greater value to ...

Around the world, rainforests are becoming savanna or farmland, savanna is drying out and turning into desert, and icy tundra is thawing. Indeed, scientific studies have now recorded "regime shifts" ...